Implications of Autonomous Buses on Public Transit Systems: A Literature Review
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Abstract
In the age of rapid technological progress, the emergence of autonomous buses is reshaping public transportation. Powered by cutting-edge technologies, these buses signify a future marked by intelligent, secure, and eco-friendly urban mobility. This study employs VOSviewer for bibliometric analysis, focusing on the functional aspects of autonomous bus studies published between 2018 and 2024. The findings reveal that 58% of the studies originate from outside of Europe and the United States. The analysis highlights four key categories: Operational Efficiency, Safety and Compliance, Sustainability and Emission, and Passenger Experience. While cost reductions are expected, the feasibility of autonomous buses as a competitive option varies. Despite potential financial benefits from eliminating driver-related costs, concerns about user acceptance and safety advocate for personnel presence. This review highlights the need for further research in network design, vehicle resizing, and environmental impacts, offering insights into the complexities of integrating autonomous buses into public transit systems.
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